Galaxy Morphology with galamo¶

Welcome to the tutorial on using galamo, a Python package designed for comprehensive galaxy analysis.

Abstract: In this tutorial, we'll explore the galaxy_morph module that helps in classifying galaxy types on the basis of initial photometric data of the galaxies. galaxy_morph works on deep learning model trained on 70000 SDSS and HST galaxies data using Custom CNN and Decision tree as per guidelines of galaxy-zoo making the hybrid model.

Classification Labels:

0: ("Merger Galaxy", "Disturbed Galaxy"),
1: ("Merger Galaxy", "Merging Galaxy"),
2: ("Elliptical Galaxy", "Round Smooth Galaxy"),
3: ("Elliptical Galaxy", "In-between Round Smooth Galaxy"),
4: ("Elliptical Galaxy", "Cigar Shaped Smooth Galaxy"),
5: ("Spiral Galaxy", "Barred Spiral Galaxy"),
6: ("Spiral Galaxy", "Unbarred Tight Spiral Galaxy"),
7: ("Spiral Galaxy", "Unbarred Loose Spiral Galaxy"),
8: ("Spiral Galaxy", "Edge-on Galaxy without Bulge"),
9: ("Spiral Galaxy", "Edge-on Galaxy with Bulge")

This module is especially useful for astrophysics researchers and students working with galaxy morphology in oprtical wavelengths from surveys like SDSS, HST, etc.

Keywords: galaxy_morph, CNN, galamo

Author: Jashanpreet Singh Dingra

References:

  • https://data.galaxyzoo.org/gz_trees/gz_trees.html

Let’s get started!

!pip install galamo

In [1]:
!pip show galamo #check requirements

Name: galamo
Version: 1.1.2
Summary: An open source Python package for comprehensive galaxy analysis, integrating machine learning and statistical methods. It provides automated tools for morphology classification, kinematics, photometry, and spectral analysis to aid astrophysical research.
Home-page: https://www.galamo.org
Author: Jashanpreet Singh Dingra
Author-email: astrodingra@gmail.com
License: 
Location: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages
Requires: huggingface_hub, joblib, matplotlib, numpy, opencv-python, pandas, requests, scipy, tensorflow, termcolor, tqdm
Required-by:

Predicting for single image¶

In [2]:
from galamo import galaxy_morph as gm  # import
gm("ngc99.jpg")

[01:59:26] ✔ All models are present.                                                                    model.py:60

WARNING: All log messages before absl::InitializeLog() is called are written to STDERR
I0000 00:00:1756585766.438921 16427730 pluggable_device_factory.cc:305] Could not identify NUMA node of platform GPU ID 0, defaulting to 0. Your kernel may not have been built with NUMA support.
I0000 00:00:1756585766.439283 16427730 pluggable_device_factory.cc:271] Created TensorFlow device (/job:localhost/replica:0/task:0/device:GPU:0 with 0 MB memory) -> physical PluggableDevice (device: 0, name: METAL, pci bus id: <undefined>)

[01:59:27] ✔ Models and encoder loaded.                                                                 model.py:71

           Attempting to find images in absolute path:                                                 model.py:158
           /Users/astrodingra/Documents/galamo-tutorials/tutorials/galaxy_morph/ngc99.jpg                          

╭──────────────────────────────────────────── Prediction Initialized ─────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│ Found 1 image(s). Starting prediction...                                                                        │
╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

🌠 Processing Images:   0%|                                                                    | 0/1 [00:00<?, ?image/s]
No description has been provided for this image 
🌠 Processing Images: 100%|████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████| 1/1 [00:00<00:00,  2.61image/s]

                       🌌 Galaxy Morphology Prediction Results                        
┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ Filename                  ┃ Type   ┃ Confidence (%) ┃ Subclass                     ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ ngc99.jpg                 │ Galaxy │     95.02      │ Unbarred Loose Spiral Galaxy │
└───────────────────────────┴────────┴────────────────┴──────────────────────────────┘

Predicting Galaxies morphology in Bulk¶

In [3]:
from galamo import galaxy_morph as gm 
gm("galaxies/")

           Attempting to find images in absolute path:                                                 model.py:158
           /Users/astrodingra/Documents/galamo-tutorials/tutorials/galaxy_morph/galaxies                           

╭──────────────────────────────────────────── Prediction Initialized ─────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│ Found 5 image(s). Starting prediction...                                                                        │
╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

🌠 Processing Images:   0%|                                                                    | 0/5 [00:00<?, ?image/s]
No description has been provided for this image 
🌠 Processing Images:  20%|████████████                                                | 1/5 [00:00<00:00,  4.44image/s]
No description has been provided for this image
No description has been provided for this image 
🌠 Processing Images:  60%|████████████████████████████████████                        | 3/5 [00:00<00:00,  7.29image/s]
No description has been provided for this image
No description has been provided for this image 
🌠 Processing Images: 100%|████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████| 5/5 [00:00<00:00,  8.14image/s]

                          🌌 Galaxy Morphology Prediction Results                           
┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ Filename                  ┃ Type         ┃ Confidence (%) ┃ Subclass                     ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ NGC4676.jpg               │ Galaxy       │     99.57      │ Cigar Shaped Smooth Galaxy   │
│ images-agn.jpeg           │ Galaxy       │     99.14      │ Merging Galaxy               │
│ ngc99.jpg                 │ Galaxy       │     95.02      │ Unbarred Loose Spiral Galaxy │
│ red-apple.jpg             │ Not a Galaxy │     100.00     │ -                            │
│ sdssdr14.png              │ Galaxy       │     99.77      │ Barred Spiral Galaxy         │
└───────────────────────────┴──────────────┴────────────────┴──────────────────────────────┘

Saving the results in CSV format¶

In [4]:
from galamo import galaxy_morph as gm 
gm("galaxies/")
gm.save_csv('results.csv')

[01:59:28] Attempting to find images in absolute path:                                                 model.py:158
           /Users/astrodingra/Documents/galamo-tutorials/tutorials/galaxy_morph/galaxies                           

╭──────────────────────────────────────────── Prediction Initialized ─────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│ Found 5 image(s). Starting prediction...                                                                        │
╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

🌠 Processing Images:   0%|                                                                    | 0/5 [00:00<?, ?image/s]
No description has been provided for this image 
🌠 Processing Images:  20%|████████████                                                | 1/5 [00:00<00:00,  4.54image/s]
No description has been provided for this image
No description has been provided for this image 
🌠 Processing Images:  60%|████████████████████████████████████                        | 3/5 [00:00<00:00,  7.11image/s]
No description has been provided for this image
No description has been provided for this image 
🌠 Processing Images: 100%|████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████| 5/5 [00:00<00:00,  8.05image/s]

                          🌌 Galaxy Morphology Prediction Results                           
┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃ Filename                  ┃ Type         ┃ Confidence (%) ┃ Subclass                     ┃
┡━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━╇━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┩
│ NGC4676.jpg               │ Galaxy       │     99.57      │ Cigar Shaped Smooth Galaxy   │
│ images-agn.jpeg           │ Galaxy       │     99.14      │ Merging Galaxy               │
│ ngc99.jpg                 │ Galaxy       │     95.02      │ Unbarred Loose Spiral Galaxy │
│ red-apple.jpg             │ Not a Galaxy │     100.00     │ -                            │
│ sdssdr14.png              │ Galaxy       │     99.77      │ Barred Spiral Galaxy         │
└───────────────────────────┴──────────────┴────────────────┴──────────────────────────────┘

           ✔ Results successfully saved to 'results.csv'                                               model.py:229

For any issue in the module raise @ https://github.com/galamo-org/galamo/issues